Author Topic: Computer Terms Beginning with "I"  (Read 21268 times)

Offline MysteRy

  • Global Moderator
  • Classic Member
  • ****
  • Posts: 218307
  • Total likes: 23035
  • Karma: +2/-0
  • Gender: Female
  • ♥♥ Positive Thinking Will Let U Do Everything ♥♥
    • http://friendstamilchat.com/
Re: Computer Terms Beginning with "I"
« Reply #45 on: April 02, 2014, 08:57:35 AM »
IRQ

Stands for "Interrupt Request." PCs use interrupt requests to manage various hardware operations. Devices such as sound cards, modems, and keyboards can all send interrupt requests to the processor. For example, when the modem needs to run a process, it sends an interrupt request to the CPU saying, "Hey, hold up, let me do my thing!" The CPU then interrupts its current job to let the modem run its process.

It is important to assign different IRQ addresses to different hardware devices is because the interrupt request signals run along single IRQ lines to a controller. This interrupt controller assigns priorities to incoming IRQs and sends them to the CPU. It's kind of like taking a number at the local deli, except the hardware usually only has to wait a couple of nanoseconds instead of like twenty minutes). Since the interrupt controller can control only one device per IRQ line, if you assign the same IRQ address to multiple devices, you are likely to get an IRQ conflict. This can cause a range of errors from not allowing network connections to crashing your computer. So make sure you assign unique IRQs to new hardware you install and avoid the frustration and keyboard throwing that conflicts can cause.

Offline MysteRy

  • Global Moderator
  • Classic Member
  • ****
  • Posts: 218307
  • Total likes: 23035
  • Karma: +2/-0
  • Gender: Female
  • ♥♥ Positive Thinking Will Let U Do Everything ♥♥
    • http://friendstamilchat.com/
Re: Computer Terms Beginning with "I"
« Reply #46 on: April 02, 2014, 08:58:28 AM »
ISA

Stands for "Industry Standard Architecture." ISA is a type of bus used in PCs for adding expansion cards. For example, an ISA slot may be used to add a video card, a network card, or an extra serial port. The original 8-bit version of PCI uses a 62 pin connection and supports clock speeds of 8 and 33 MHz. 16-bit PCI uses 98 pins and supports the same clock speeds.

The original 8-bit version of ISA was introduced in 1981 but the technology did not become widely used until 1984, when the 16-bit version was released. Two competing technologies -- MCA and VLB -- were also used by some manufacturers, but ISA remained the most common expansion bus for most of the 1980s and 1990s. However, by the end of the twentieth century, ISA ports were beginning to be replaced by faster PCI and AGP slots. Today, most computers only support PCI and AGP expansion cards.

Offline MysteRy

  • Global Moderator
  • Classic Member
  • ****
  • Posts: 218307
  • Total likes: 23035
  • Karma: +2/-0
  • Gender: Female
  • ♥♥ Positive Thinking Will Let U Do Everything ♥♥
    • http://friendstamilchat.com/
Re: Computer Terms Beginning with "I"
« Reply #47 on: April 02, 2014, 08:59:21 AM »
iSCSI

Stands for "Internet Small Computer Systems Interface." iSCSI is an extension of the standard SCSI storage interface that allows SCSI commands to be sent over an IP based network. It enables computers to access hard drives over a network the same way they would access a drive that is directly connected to the computer.

iSCSI is a popular protocol used by storage area networks, which allow multiple computers to share multiple hard drives. For example, data centers can be spread out over multiple locations using iSCSI and a standard Internet connection. While the data access time may be slower over the Internet than compared to a direct SCSI connection, iSCSI can serve as a helpful means for creating off-site backups and sharing large amounts of data across multiple locations.

Offline MysteRy

  • Global Moderator
  • Classic Member
  • ****
  • Posts: 218307
  • Total likes: 23035
  • Karma: +2/-0
  • Gender: Female
  • ♥♥ Positive Thinking Will Let U Do Everything ♥♥
    • http://friendstamilchat.com/
Re: Computer Terms Beginning with "I"
« Reply #48 on: April 02, 2014, 09:00:19 AM »
ISDN

Stands for "Integrated Services Digital Network." No, it's not the same thing as the ISBN you see in books. ISDN is a data transfer technology, created in 1984, that can transfer data significantly faster than a dial-up modem. ISDN enables wide-bandwidth digital transmission over the public telephone network, which means more data can be sent at one time. A typical ISDN connection can support transfer rates of 64K or 128K of data per second. While these speeds are faster than what you can get with a dial-up modem, the newer DSL technology can support even faster transfer rates and is less costly to set up and maintain.

Offline MysteRy

  • Global Moderator
  • Classic Member
  • ****
  • Posts: 218307
  • Total likes: 23035
  • Karma: +2/-0
  • Gender: Female
  • ♥♥ Positive Thinking Will Let U Do Everything ♥♥
    • http://friendstamilchat.com/
Re: Computer Terms Beginning with "I"
« Reply #49 on: April 02, 2014, 09:01:24 AM »
ISO

Stands for "International Organization for Standardization." Yes, technically the acronym should be "IOFS," but I guess ISO sounds better. The ISO works with standards institutes from over 150 countries to develop technology and product standards. These standards lead to a more efficient, safer, and cleaner development of products. It also leads to more standardized products for consumers.

The ISO is important to the computer industry, since the organization standardizes many of the technologies used by your computer hardware and software. For example, the ISO 9660 standard defines a file system used by CD-ROM media. CDs formatted using this standard can be used on any operating system that supports the ISO 9660 standard, including Windows, Mac, and Unix systems.

The ISO is similar to the IEEE, but performs a much broader range of standardizations. To find out more about the International Organization for Standardization, visit the ISO home page.
« Last Edit: April 02, 2014, 09:03:37 AM by MysteRy »

Offline MysteRy

  • Global Moderator
  • Classic Member
  • ****
  • Posts: 218307
  • Total likes: 23035
  • Karma: +2/-0
  • Gender: Female
  • ♥♥ Positive Thinking Will Let U Do Everything ♥♥
    • http://friendstamilchat.com/
Re: Computer Terms Beginning with "I"
« Reply #50 on: April 02, 2014, 09:04:38 AM »
ISP

Stands for "Internet Service Provider." In order to connect to the Internet, you need an ISP. It is the company that you (or your parents) pay a monthly fee to in order to use the Internet. If you use a dial-up modem to connect to your ISP, a point-to-point protocol (PPP) connection is established with another modem on the ISP's end. That modem connects to one of the ISP's routers, which routes you to the Internet "backbone." From there, you can access information from anywhere around the world. DSL and cable modems work the same way, except after you connect the first time, you are always connected.

Offline MysteRy

  • Global Moderator
  • Classic Member
  • ****
  • Posts: 218307
  • Total likes: 23035
  • Karma: +2/-0
  • Gender: Female
  • ♥♥ Positive Thinking Will Let U Do Everything ♥♥
    • http://friendstamilchat.com/
Re: Computer Terms Beginning with "I"
« Reply #51 on: April 02, 2014, 10:03:48 AM »
IT

Stands for "Information Technology," and is pronounced "I.T." It refers to anything related to computing technology, such as networking, hardware, software, the Internet, or the people that work with these technologies. Many companies now have IT departments for managing the computers, networks, and other technical areas of their businesses. IT jobs include computer programming, network administration, computer engineering, Web development, technical support, and many other related occupations. Since we live in the "information age," information technology has become a part of our everyday lives. That means the term "IT," already highly overused, is here to stay.

Offline MysteRy

  • Global Moderator
  • Classic Member
  • ****
  • Posts: 218307
  • Total likes: 23035
  • Karma: +2/-0
  • Gender: Female
  • ♥♥ Positive Thinking Will Let U Do Everything ♥♥
    • http://friendstamilchat.com/
Re: Computer Terms Beginning with "I"
« Reply #52 on: April 02, 2014, 10:09:09 AM »
Iteration

Iteration is the repetition of a function or process in a computer program. Iterations of functions are common in computer programming, since they allow multiple blocks of data to be processed in sequence. This is typically done using a "while loop" or "for loop" (see the examples below). These loops will repeat a process until a certain number or case is reached. Recursive functions also use iteration, though instead of repeating a process, the entire function repeats itself.

While loop:   while (x < 30) { ... x++; }
For loop:   for (x=0; x<30; x++) { ... }

A practical example of how iterations are used is a PHP Web page that lists data from a table in a database. In order to display the table on the Web, the function might write each row in HTML using data from the database until the last row of data is reached. In this case, each row of the table would be created by an iteration of the PHP function.

Iterated functions are frequently used in both Web scripts and software programs. They can be simple functions like the one in the example above or complex loops that contain nested loops, which may call additional functions. The amazing thing is that even these complex loops typically only take a fraction of a second to complete.

Offline MysteRy

  • Global Moderator
  • Classic Member
  • ****
  • Posts: 218307
  • Total likes: 23035
  • Karma: +2/-0
  • Gender: Female
  • ♥♥ Positive Thinking Will Let U Do Everything ♥♥
    • http://friendstamilchat.com/
Re: Computer Terms Beginning with "I"
« Reply #53 on: April 02, 2014, 10:10:24 AM »
iTunes

iTunes is an audio playback program developed by Apple Computer. You can use iTunes to import songs from CDs as well as other audio files from your hard drive. The program can also download songs (for a small fee) from the iTunes Music Store. While songs are the most common files played by iTunes, you can also play spoken word files, such as audio books or other recordings. iTunes also has a radio option that allows you to play live streams of Internet radio from a variety of stations.

Each file you import with iTunes get stored in the iTunes library. Fortunately, the library can be organized into multiple playlists, which is especially helpful when you have thousands of songs. (Yes, some people have over 10,000 songs in their library.) You can also create "smart playlists," which store songs according to the parameters you set. For example, if you want a playlist of only rock music, you can create a smart playlist that only holds songs where the "Genre" tag contains "Rock." iTunes is the software that comes with the iPod, and allows you to transfer your playlists from your computer to your iPod. Like the iPod, iTunes can be used on a Mac or PC.

Offline MysteRy

  • Global Moderator
  • Classic Member
  • ****
  • Posts: 218307
  • Total likes: 23035
  • Karma: +2/-0
  • Gender: Female
  • ♥♥ Positive Thinking Will Let U Do Everything ♥♥
    • http://friendstamilchat.com/
Re: Computer Terms Beginning with "I"
« Reply #54 on: April 02, 2014, 10:11:39 AM »
IVR

Stands for "Interactive Voice Response." IVR is a telephony technology that can read a combination of touch tone and voice input. It gives users the ability to access a database of information via phone. A typical IVR system has several menus of prerecorded options that the caller can choose from. While many choices are as basic as choosing a number, some options may require the caller to speak detailed information such as his name or account number. This input is read by the IVR system and is used to access the appropriate information in the database.

For example, a bank may have an IVR system that allows members to call in and check their balance or recent transactions. Credit card companies and stock brokerage firms also use IVR systems to allow users to access information from their account. The technology can also be used used for other purposes such as phone surveys, checking movie times, and call center forwarding. Because the caller can vocally respond to prerecorded messages, using an IVR system is almost like talking to another human being. That is, as long as it understands you.